Immigration pathways
Explore pathways for Canada, France, Germany and Australia.
Each guide is drafted from official pages and shows when it was checked.
Express Entry is the online system IRCC uses to manage permanent residence applications from skilled workers under three programs. Candidates create a profile, are ranked, and the highest-ranked are invited to apply.
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Read the guideQuebec selects skilled workers through its Skilled Worker Selection Program (PSTQ). Selected applicants receive a Certificat de sélection du Québec (CSQ) and then apply to the federal government for permanent residence.
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Read the guideUnder the Provincial Nominee Program, provinces and territories nominate people they want to settle there, and nominees then apply to IRCC for permanent residence. Each province sets its own requirements and nomination limits.
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Read the guideThe talent card (carte de séjour pluriannuelle "talent", formerly called passeport talent) is a multi-year residence permit with several categories, each with its own conditions. The prefecture decides on each application.
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Read the guideThe Opportunity Card (Chancenkarte) is a residence permit for looking for work in Germany. People with a fully equivalent qualification can apply directly; others must reach at least 6 points in a points system.
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Read the guideThe EU Blue Card is a residence permit for people with a university-level or comparable qualification and a qualifying job offer in Germany that meets a minimum salary.
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Read the guideThe Skilled Independent visa (subclass 189) is a points-tested permanent visa for invited skilled workers. It needs no employer, state, territory or family sponsor and no nomination.
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Read the guideThe Skills in Demand visa (subclass 482) is a temporary visa that lets an Australian employer sponsor a skilled overseas worker. It has three streams: Core Skills, Specialist Skills and Labour Agreement.
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Read the guideA study permit lets you study at a designated learning institution in Canada. IRCC sets conditions on enrolment, funds, health, legal standing and a provincial or territorial attestation letter in most cases.
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Read the guideFor non-European nationals with a job offer in France. The employer requests a work authorisation, the worker applies for a long-stay visa marked salarié (permanent contract) or travailleur temporaire (fixed-term contract), then for the matching residence card. The prefecture decides.
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Read the guideA residence permit for people with a recognised academic or vocational qualification and a specific qualified job offer in Germany, with related routes for experienced workers and for those who still need recognition.
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Read the guideThe Skilled Nominated visa (subclass 190) is a points-tested permanent visa for skilled workers nominated by an Australian state or territory government. You need a skills assessment, an Expression of Interest in SkillSelect, a nomination and an invitation to apply.
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Read the guideIRCC offers employer-specific work permits, which need a job offer and usually an LMIA, and open work permits for listed situations, including the post-graduation work permit for graduates of eligible institutions.
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Read the guideFor non-European nationals studying in France for more than 3 months. Depending on nationality, pre-enrolment goes through Campus France (Études en France) or France-Visas, followed by online validation of the VLS-TS étudiant and renewal at the prefecture. A post-study job-search permit (APS) exists for some nationalities.
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Read the guideHow foreign professional qualifications are assessed against a German reference occupation: the Recognition Finder, the competent authority, the usual steps, published fee ranges and possible outcomes.
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Read the guideThe Skilled Work Regional (Provisional) visa (subclass 491) is a temporary, points-tested visa for skilled workers who want to live and work in regional Australia. You are nominated by a state or territory or sponsored by an eligible relative in a designated regional area, and it can lead to permanent residence.
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Read the guideCanadian citizens and permanent residents can sponsor eligible family members for permanent residence. The spouse, partner and child category is active; IRCC lists the parents and grandparents category as paused.
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Read the guideFamily routes described on official pages: regroupement familial (the OFII, mayor and prefect process), the foreign spouse of a French national, and other vie privée et familiale cases. Conditions, fees and procedures differ for each route, and Algerians and Europeans have separate rules.
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Read the guideThe national visa and residence permit for study (section 16b Residence Act): admission, proof of funds, language evidence, health insurance, and the residence permit of up to 18 months to look for work after graduation.
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Read the guideThe Employer Nomination Scheme (subclass 186) is a permanent visa for skilled workers nominated by an Australian employer. It has three streams: Direct Entry, Temporary Residence Transition and Labour Agreement. The employer must lodge the nomination first.
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Read the guideThe Atlantic Immigration Program is an IRCC pathway to permanent residence for skilled workers and recent graduates with a job offer from an employer designated by New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island or Newfoundland and Labrador.
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Read the guideHow the long-stay visa valid as a residence permit (VLS-TS) works: the France-Visas online application, the appointment with the consulate or its service provider, then online validation within 3 months of arrival in France. The consulate decides on each application.
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Read the guideHow spouses and children can join a foreign skilled worker or Blue Card holder in Germany, or a German citizen, including the published German-language rules and exemptions.
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Read the guideThe Student visa (subclass 500) lets you study full-time in a registered Australian course. You need a Confirmation of Enrolment, to meet the Genuine Student requirement, show financial capacity and English ability and hold Overseas Student Health Cover. New rules apply to applications from 2 October 2026.
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Read the guideFrancophone Mobility is an IRCC work permit for French-speaking workers with a job offer outside Quebec, with no LMIA needed. IRCC pages show it as open and list no pause or replacement.
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Read the guidePartner visas let the spouse or de facto partner of an Australian citizen, permanent resident or eligible New Zealand citizen live in Australia. They work in two stages: a temporary visa (820 onshore or 309 offshore), then a permanent visa (801 or 100). An eligible sponsor is required.
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Canada
France
Germany
Australia